An F-1 status is a non-immigrant status issued by the USCIS (formerly INS) to the alien student who is pursuing studies in the United States. To obtain the F-1 status, an alien who is outside the United States needs to apply for an F-1 visa first at a local U.S. Consulate abroad. On the day that s/he is admitted into the United States on an approved F-1 visa, s/he becomes an F-1 status holder. For those who are already in the United States in an another non-immigrant status, such as B-1/B-2, H-1..., they may apply to change to F-1 status in the U.S. or outside the U.S. through Third Country Visa processing. (For persons who are subject to the J-1 two-year foreign residency requirement, the only option for change of status is via Third Country Visa processing.)
A J-1 visa is a non-immigrant visa issued by the United States for exchange visitors. The purpose of this visa is to promote cultural exchange. Students must meet certain eligibility criteria and be sponsored by a private sector or government program. Exchange visitors are expected to leave the United States at the completion of their program and return to their home country
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